Milk coffee
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Milk coffee is a category of coffee-based drinks made with milk. Johan Nieuhof, the Dutch ambassador to China, is credited as the first person to drink coffee with milk when he experimented with it around 1660.[1]
Varieties
[edit]Breve
[edit]A breve is an espresso made with a steamed mixture of half milk and half cream (i.e., half and half). Its size can vary. The name relates to the use of cream and milk.[2][3]
Café au lait
[edit]
A café au lait is the French way of preparing 'coffee with milk' both at home and in cafés in Europe. Café au lait stems from the same continental tradition as caffè latte in Italy, café con leche in Spain, kawa biała ('white coffee') in Poland, tejeskávé in Hungary, Milchkaffee in Germany, Wiener Melange in Austria,[4] koffie verkeerd in the Netherlands, lait russe in Belgium, and café com leite in Portugal and Brazil, meaning simply 'coffee with milk'.
Cà phê sữa
[edit]
Vietnamese cà phê sữa đá or 'iced milk coffee', is made with a dark roast, often with chicory, brewed with a small metal Vietnamese drip filter (Phin Filter) into a cup containing sweetened condensed milk. The condensed milk and coffee are stirred together and then poured over ice. Cà phê sữa nóng – literally, 'hot milk coffee' – excludes the ice.
Cafe hafuch
[edit]Cafe hafuch or 'upside down coffee' is a popular drink in Israel.[5] Steamed milk is first added to the cup, then espresso is carefully added to give a layered appearance. Milk foam is sometimes spooned on to the top to finish. 'Upside down' refers to this method of adding the ingredients, as in most milk-and-coffee drinks, the coffee is first in the cup, and the milk goes in second.[6]
Cortado
[edit]A cortado (also known as pingado or garoto) is an espresso "cut" (from the Spanish and Portuguese cortar) with warm milk to reduce the acidity. The ratio of milk to coffee is between 1:1 – 1:2, and the milk is added to the espresso. Though the steamed milk has little foam, many baristas make some microfoam to make latte art. It is popular in Spain and Portugal, in Norway as well as throughout Latin America, where it is drunk in the afternoon. In Cuba, it is known as a cortadito. It is usually served in a special glass, often with a metal ring base and a metal wire handle. There are several variations, including cortado condensada (espresso with condensed milk) and leche y leche (with condensed milk and cream on top). In the United States it is sometimes known as a Gibraltar. It differs from cappuccino in having little or no milk foam, and from flat white in that the cortado's corto shot of espresso is reduced in volume and caffeine content to the flat white's cortissimo.
Café con leche
[edit]Café con leche is one of the most common Spanish drinks that include coffee. It consists basically of two ingredients: coffee (as an infusion) and milk, with a proportion that varies according to local Spanish provinces, but is around the same amount. Generally, the term café con leche also implies the size of the cup used, which is usually large, between 200 and 250 ml (this cup is also called breakfast cup in some countries). The mixture of coffee and milk in a slightly smaller container is called a cortado (although in addition to the size the proportion of the constituents also changes).
Egg coffee
[edit]Egg coffee is a Vietnamese drink which is traditionally prepared with egg yolks, sugar, condensed milk and Robusta coffee in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, where 70% of global Robusta coffee is cultivated.[7][8]
Espresso con panna
[edit]Espresso con panna is coffee with whipped cream.
Flat white
[edit]
Flat white is an espresso with a similar proportion of coffee to milk as a latte and a cappuccino, the main difference being the texture of the milk and (in some regions) the number of espresso shots.
It became popular in New Zealand in the late 1980s and has since spread to the UK, where it was first served at independent cafes in London such as Department of Coffee and Social Affairs and Speak Easy where owners and staff from Australia and New Zealand brought the style of coffee into the UK before being adopted by chains Costa Coffee and Starbucks.[9] Available in the form of a 12 oz. double latte from Starbucks in the US since January 6, 2015,[10] it is rarely found in continental Europe.
Galão
[edit]Galão is a hot drink from Portugal made of espresso and foamed milk. Similar to caffè latte or café au lait, it comes in a tall glass with plenty of milk. With only half milk, it is known as meia de leite.[11] In Madeira, a large, milky coffee is known as a chinesa (literally, 'Chinese lady').[12][13]
Indian filter coffee
[edit]South Indian filter coffee is a coffee drink made by mixing frothed and boiled milk with the decoction obtained by brewing finely ground coffee powder in a traditional Indian filter. The drink known as kaapi is the Tamil phonetic rendering of coffee.
Kopi susu
[edit]
Kopi susu 'milk coffee' is found in (at least) Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia and very similar to the Vietnamese cà phê sữa nóng. Served in a glass, kopi susu is made by mixing black coffee (Arabica) with about a quarter to half a glass of sweetened condensed milk, which is then let stand to cool and allow the grounds to sink to the bottom. Another version of kopi susu uses fresh milk.[14]
In Indonesia, milk coffee with ice and palm sugar is called es kopi susu gula aren.[15] Kopi tubruk is as above but uses sugar instead of milk.
Latte
[edit]
A latte is an espresso and steamed milk,[16][17] generally in a 1:3 to 1:5 ratio of espresso to milk, with a little foam on top.
In Italy it is called caffè latte or caffelatte, which means 'coffee and milk'. In northern Europe and Scandinavia the term 'café au lait' has traditionally been used for the combination of espresso and milk, but this term is used in the US for brewed coffee and scalded milk. In France, caffè latte is mostly known from American coffee chains; a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a latte is in French called grand crème and in German Milchkaffee or Melange. In Portuguese it is called galão.
Variants include the chocolate-flavored mocha, or replacing the coffee with another drink base such as masala chai (spiced Indian tea), maté or matcha, and other types of milk, such as soy milk or almond milk are also used.
Macchiato
[edit]
Macchiato, meaning 'stained', is an espresso with a dash of foamed milk. At first sight it resembles a small cappuccino, but even if the ingredients are the same as those used for cappuccino, a macchiato has a much stronger and aromatic taste. The milk is foamed directly into the espresso cup, which is then put under the coffee outlet. The espresso is then drawn into the cup. Cocoa is sometimes sprinkled over the drink.[18] Often the process is reversed and milk foam is floated on top of extracted coffee. A long macchiato will have two shots of espresso and a small amount of hot water (as per long black). A short macchiato will usually have one shot of coffee and less water (as per short black).
Wiener melange
[edit]
A Wiener Melange is a speciality coffee drink similar to a cappuccino. The difference is sometimes assumed to be that the Melange is made with milder coffee[19] but the Viennese coffee company Julius Meinl describes a Wiener Melange as "One small espresso served in a large cup of coffee. Steam milk and add milk foam to coffee (=small milk coffee)".[20] At Cafe Sperl in Vienna, the Melange is 1/2 cup "black coffee" and 1/2 cup creamy milk, completed by milk foam.[21]
White coffee
[edit]'White coffee' is the British alternative to a 'black coffee;' it is any form of black coffee with fresh cold milk added. Sometimes, hot milk (boiled or not) is used instead of cold.[citation needed]
Vienna coffee
[edit]A Vienna coffee (not to be confused with "Vienna roast" coffee), is coffee or espresso topped with whipped cream. Milk is sometimes poured into the coffee/espresso before adding the whipped cream. Vanilla, chocolate or cinnamon is sometimes sprinkled on the cream.[22] Melange mit schlag (or schlagobers) is the Austrian term for coffee with whipped cream.[23] Austria has a number of coffees with whipped cream.[24]
Coffee regular
[edit]A "regular coffee" or "coffee regular" is a popular coffee drink in New England. In much of New England, a "regular coffee" refers to coffee with cream and sugar. The most common amount usually includes three creams and three sugars. A "coffee regular" can be had either hot or as iced coffee.[25][26]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Claudia Roden (1994). Coffee: A Connoisseur's Companion. Pavilion Books. p. 95.
- ^ Robert W. Thurston (10 Oct 2013). Coffee: A Comprehensive Guide to the Bean, the Beverage, and the Industry. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 273. ISBN 9781442214422.
- ^ Thornton, Milli. "Espresso: The Art of the Perfect Breve". Milliver's Travels. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
- ^ "Viennese Coffee". vienna.net. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ Kamin, Debra (2012-08-15). "Tourist Tip #22 Coffee Culture". Haaretz. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
- ^ Engler, Yonatan (25 November 2022). "The Story Behind the Israeli "Hafooch" Coffee". Citizen Café Tel Aviv. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
- ^ "Robusta". greenrawcoffee.com/robusta. 15 September 2010. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- ^ "Vietnam robusta". coffees.mobi/coffee/vietnam-coffee/vietnam-robusta/. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- ^ "Time to wake up and smell the flat white". The Independent. 22 August 2009. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ "Starbucks introduces the Flat White to customers in the US and Canada – Starbucks Newsroom". Starbucks Newsroom. Archived from the original on 6 August 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ Martin Symington (2010). DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Portugal. Penguin. p. 407. ISBN 9780756666767.
- ^ Rodney Bolt (2007). Madeira and Porto Santo. New Holland Publishers. p. 52. ISBN 9781860113642.
- ^ Sara Lier (2012). Madeira, Porto Santo MARCO POLO Travel Guide. Mair Dumont Marco Polo. pp. PT22. ISBN 9783829780186.
- ^ Wahyu, Adeline (25 June 2021). "Cara Membuat Kopi Susu Kekinian, Mudah dan Lebih Hemat!". orami.co.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 22 August 2024.
- ^ Nugraha, Jevi (4 August 2021). "6 Resep Es Kopi Susu Gula Aren yang Enak dan Sehat, Mudah Dibuat". merdeka.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 20 March 2023.
- ^ "Latte - Definition of latte by Merriam-Webster". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 20 September 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ "Latte - definition of latte in English from the Oxford dictionary". oxforddictionaries.com. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ How to make Espresso Macchiato - PurelyCoffeeBeans Archived 2014-11-12 at the Wayback Machine, November 12, 2014
- ^ "What is a Wiener Melange?". wiseGEEK. Archived from the original on 10 September 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ "Vienesse Classics- Julius Meinl". meinlcoffee.com. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ CafÉ Sperl. "Cafe Sperl::Wien::Kleines Kaffee ABC". cafesperl.at. Archived from the original on 29 April 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ "Vienna Coffee". AllRecipes. Archived from the original on 2015-02-05.
- ^ Lois Sinaiko Webb (2000). Multicultural Cookbook of Life-cycle Celebrations. ABC-CLIO. p. 170. ISBN 9781573562904.
- ^ Rob Humphreys (1 Nov 2008). The Rough Guide to Austria. Dorling Kindersley. p. 185. ISBN 9781858280592.
- ^ "regular coffee - Wiktionary". en.wiktionary.org. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
- ^ "At Dunkin' Donuts, 'Coffee Regular' Has a Limit. And that Limit is New York State". 17 June 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
External links
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Media related to Coffee with milk at Wikimedia Commons
