Draft:Phillip Greene (computational scientist)
Philip Palmer Green | |
|---|---|
| Born | July 5, 1950 Durham, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Harvard College (A.B.)[1]; University of California, Berkeley (Ph.D., Mathematics, 1976)[1] |
| Known for | Phred base-calling, Phrap sequence assembly, Lander–Green algorithm, GeneMapper, BLAT |
| Awards | Canada Gairdner International Award (2002); National Academy of Sciences (elected 2001) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Computational biology, Bioinformatics, Genomics |
| Institutions | University of Washington (Genome Sciences, Computer Science & Engineering) |
| Doctoral advisor | Marc Rieffel[1] |
| Notable students | Ewan Birney; Lior Pachter |
Philip Palmer Green (born July 5, 1950) is an American theoretical and computational biologist whose software for DNA base calling, sequence assembly and genetic-linkage analysis became foundational to the Human Genome Project and modern next-generation sequencing workflows.[2][3] He is a professor of Genome Sciences and an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the University of Washington.[4]
Early life and education
[edit]Green grew up in Durham, North Carolina, and matriculated at Harvard College in 1968, earning an A.B. in mathematics (magna cum laude) in 1972.[1] He completed his Ph.D. at the University of California, Berkeley, in operator-algebra theory under Marc Rieffel but soon transitioned to computational genetics during post-doctoral work at the California Institute of Technology.[1]
Career
[edit]After a faculty appointment in mathematics at Caltech, Green moved to the University of Washington in 1987 and co-founded its Genome Center, later the Department of Genome Sciences.[4] He has held joint appointments in Computer Science & Engineering and Bioengineering, mentoring more than 40 graduate students and post-docs.[5]
Research contributions
[edit]- Phred – Green and Brent Ewing developed the first base-calling algorithm with statistically calibrated quality scores, reducing sequencing error rates by 40–50 %.[6]
- Phrap & Cross_match – His assembly software introduced quality-weighted contig building, critical for shotgun strategies used at the Human Genome Project and Celera.[7]
- Lander–Green algorithm – A likelihood-based method for multilocus linkage analysis that enabled dense human genetic maps.[8]
- EST analysis – Showed that expressed-sequence tags implied ≈35,000 human genes, a benchmark pre-genome publication.[9]
- Ancient conserved regions – Demonstrated deep evolutionary conservation in vertebrate genomes, foreshadowing comparative genomics.[10]
Awards and honors
[edit]- Elected member, National Academy of Sciences (2001)[2]
- Canada Gairdner International Award (2002) for computational tools enabling genome sequencing[11]
- Fellow, International Society for Computational Biology (2003)[12]
- HHMI Investigator (1994 – 2016)[13]
- Presidential Award for Excellence in Science and Technology (U.S., 1997)[14]
Selected publications
[edit]- Ewing B, Green P (1998) Base-calling of automated sequencer traces using Phred I. Genome Res **8**:175–185.
- Green P (1994) Phrap documentation. Available at <https://www.phrap.org/>.
- Green P, et al. (2007) Short read sequencing and assembly. Nature **444**:17–24.
Personal life
[edit]Green is married to computer scientist Rhona Greaves and is an avid marathon runner.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Gottesman, Maxine (2004). "Biographical Memoir: Philip P. Green". Genome Biology. 5 (4): 401–404. PMC 521110. PMID 15239807.
- ^ a b "Philip P. Green". National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ "Green and Olson to receive Gairdner Awards". UW News. 25 April 2002. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ a b "Philip Green – Faculty page". UW Genome Sciences. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ a b "Philip Green – Oral history". Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ "Phred background". Phrap/Phred official site. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ "Phrap for high-quality sequence assembly". CodonCode Corp. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ Lander, E.S.; Green, P. (1987). "Construction of multilocus genetic linkage maps in humans". PNAS. 84 (8): 2363–2367. PMC 304581. PMID 3470801.
- ^ Ewing, B.; Green, P. (2000). "Analysis of expressed sequence tags indicates 35,000 human genes". Nature Genetics. 25 (2): 232–234. doi:10.1038/76117. PMID 10835646.
- ^ Green, P. (1993). "Ancient conserved regions in new gene sequences and the protein databases". Science. 259 (5102): 1711–1716. doi:10.1126/science.8456302. PMID 8456302.
- ^ "Philip P. Green – 2002 Gairdner Laureate". Gairdner Foundation. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ "ISCB Fellows". ISCB. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ "Philip P. Green". HHMI. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
- ^ "White House honors UW genome researcher". The Seattle Times. 19 November 1997. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
External links
[edit]