Draft:Zorbian

Zorbian, Zurbian, or Zorbiyan, (Arabic: زربيان) is a Yemeni rice dish that mainly consists of either chicken or lamb, potatoes, basmati rice, and Zorbian spices. It is commonly served with sahawiq, a vegetable hot sauce. It is nicknamed 'the Yemeni biryani' and is popular throughout Yemen's neighboring countries in the Arabian Peninsula and Somalia.

Etymology

Theories of the origin of this dish's name vary. The most widely-accepted view is that Zorbian is a combination of a metathesis of the Arabic word roz (Arabic: رز), meaning rice, and biryani (Persian: بریان). A lesser-adopted theory is that Zorbian is related to the term Zarb (Arabic: زرب), which is the name of a lamb dish from the Syrian Desert.

History

Zorbian originates in the port city of Aden where it is noted as a descendant of Hyderabadi biryani, a result of the historical Indian community's influences in the city over the recent few centuries, namely during the British Raj.

Since as late as the mid-19th century, the dish has received the favor of royalty and popularity across the rest of the Arabian Peninsula, and throughout East Africa, especially Somalia. It is now often served at Yemeni restaurants all over the world.

Preparation and Tradition

Base ingredients of Zorbian include:

• Meat (chicken or lamb) which is plated in large chunks,
• Onions,
• Basmati rice, which is cooked in the meat/chicken broth,
• Potatoes
• A spice mix which may include cumin, cardamom, coriander, turmeric, paprika, cloves, and bay leaves. It is commonly seasoned and colored with saffron.

Zorbian is usually made in large portions and served in a circular plate to be shared by multiple enjoyers. It is commonly served as an entrée in Yemeni lunches and dinners, often during special occasions such as weddings, Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, and for Ramadan iftars.

Zorbian is commonly sided with sahawiq and yogurt, and garnished with parsley and sliced almonds.